blanghard



(-N o Modl.) I '3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

.v.- W. BLANGHARD.

STEAM BOILER. "No. 413.9 6'. Patented Oct. 29, 1889..

I? msimamfi By Afforn ey n. PETERS, Phmumn mr. Wauhingmu. u c.

(No'ModeL) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

. f V. W. BLANOHARD.

( STEAM BOILER. 7 No. 413,906. Patented 001;. 29,1889.

By Z55 Attorney VIRGIL W. BLANCHARD,

PATENT OFFICE.

OF NEW'YORK, N. Y., ASSIGNOR TO OSEPIl A.

DAVIS, OF SAME PLACE.

STEAM-BOILER.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 413,906, dated October29, 1889. Application filed April 9', 1389'. Serial mama. (no model.)

To all whom it may cono'erlc: Be it known that I, VIRGIL W. BLANOHARD,

, of New York, in the county of New York and State of New York, haveinvented certain new and useful Improvements in Steam-Boilers; and I dohereby declare that the following is a full, cle'ar,and exactdescription thereof,

reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters ofreference marked thereon, which form part of this speci fi'cation, inwhich i r Figure 1 is a section taken vertically and longitudinallythrough my improved tubular steam-boiler on one side of the centerthereof, showing part of a furnace com municatin gwith it. Fig.2 is anelevation of one end of the boiler, parts of which are broken away.Figs.

I 3, 4, and are enlarged views in detail of the devices for makingconnections between the ends of the heating-pipes.

This invention relates to tubular steamboilers, and especially toimprovements on the tubular boiler for which Letters Patent of theUnited States were granted to me on the 11th day of December, 1883,numbered My present invention is designed for simplifyingand renderingmore safe, practicable, and useful a tubular steam-boiler wherein thereis a mechanical as well as a natural circulation of water through thenumerous heat ing-pipes which compose the boiler, as will fully. appearfrom the following description, when taken in connection with theannexed drawings.

' The steam-boiler represented in said drawings consists of layers ofhorizontal pipes which are supported near their extremities by means ofvertical walls B B, each pipe being connected exteriorly to said wallsby one of its extremities to a neighbor above and by its other extremityto a neighbor below by means of short elastic 0r yielding couplings O,hereinafter described. The couplings or pipe-connections C havesufficient rigidity to form perfect joints with the pipes they connectin the presence of a high steam temperature, and at the same time, byreason of their elasticity, they afford sufficient play for the unequalexpansion and contraction resulting from the differe'ntial temperatureto which they are necessarily exposed.

The upper and lower layers of the heating- ,pipes A A enter each acommon horizontal transverse pipe D, and from the highest pipe D thereisa single pipe-connection E with a steam-drum F. u V

G designates a circulating-pipe having a screw or other suitablepropeller-wheel in its course running in a closed vessel or case H,which pipe connects the stea1n-drum F with the lowest horizontal pipe D.

VVith' the steam-drumF filled with water to the lineI, by forciblyactuating the propeller-wheel in the vessel H a current of water willbe-forced into the lower horizontal pipe D, and thence equally throughthe layers of jointed pipes A A upward and into the upper commonhorizontal pipe D, and from this pipe into the steam-dome F, and on in acontinuous uninterrupted journey. By this means the heat which is latentin the wall of the pipes A A is transmitted as rapidly as it is absorbedto the rapidlyunovin g water-current within them and conveyed to thesteamleading from the upper part of the steamdrum F, and not hereinclaimed.

L designates a flue'passing from the furnace L and entering thedraft-space inclosed by the walls B. The arrows N indicate the directionof the heated currents through said space, which is deflected in anup-and-down zigzag course by means of M. (Shown in Fig. 1.)

0 represents the chimney, which may con the partition-plates tainair-heaters, if desired, (not shown herein,) for economizing the heatescaping therethrough.

One of the elastic or yielding couplings is clearly shown in Fig. Inthis figure annular bevel-faced ferrules P P are screwed on the ends ofadjoining pipes A A, a clamping strap or eye-piece U being first slippedon said pipes and yoking them together. C C designate flattened tubularconnections having dressed openings 0 c at their ends in one face, inwhich openings are received the terrules P P. The connections 0 areunited to the strap U by means of bolts RR R R, as shown, which firmlyclamp the connections 0 to the pipes and bind the ferrules P P betweenthe connections and strap U, making a water-tight joint, as is evidentfrom the drawings. The pipes secured to connections 0 can be sprungtoward or from each other slightly, the connections, owing to theirpeculiar construction, bending or yielding sulficiently to permit thiswithout weakening the joints. The extremities of pipes A A are thusunited by a secure and suificiently yielding or flexible connection tocompensate for any undue expansion that may result from a differentialtemperature in the aforesaid pipes, for it is known that a flattenedtube, as designated by the letter 0, having thin walls, possessesconsiderable natural flexibility in the direction of its shortestdiameter, much more in proportion to its area than a cylindrical tubehas.

In Fig. 2 I show doors V in the outer casing of the boiler, throughwhich easy access may be had to the jointed extremities of theheating-pipes A A outside the walls B B. By this means any leakage ofthe joints by which pipes A A are connected may be repaired withoutremoving them from their position.

Having described my invention, I claim- 1. In a tubular steam-boiler,the combination of a series of water-pipes with the fiattened tubularconnections 0 and the clamping-straps U, substantially as and for thepurpose specified.

2. The combination of the connected series of water-pipes, thesteam-dome, and the pipe connecting the upper series of Water-pipes tosaid dome, with a propeller and casing, a pipe connecting the steam-domeand propeller-casing, and the pipe-connections between said casing andthe lowermost series of waterpipes, all substantially as and for thepurpose specified. v

3. The combination of the supporting-walls and chimney and partitionsarranged to form a zigzag fine between said walls, with a series ofwater-pipes extending through said walls and partitions, and theflattened tubular connections 0 for the extremities of said pipes,substantially as specified.

4. The combination of the water-pipes having ferruled ends, theclampingstraps U, the tubular flattened connections C, and theuniting-bolts, all substantially as described.

5. The herein-described tubular boiler, consisting of a series ofwater-pipes, supportingwalls therefor, partitions between said walls,the tubular flattened connections 0 for the water-pipes outside thewalls, the steam-dome, the pipe-connections between the upper series ofwater pipes and the dome, the pipes con-. meeting said dome with thelowest series of water-pipes, and the inclosing-casing provided with aseries of doors opposite the ends of the water-pipes, substantially asand for the purpose set forth.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my own I aflix my signaturein presence of two witnesses. I

VIRGIL \V. BLANCIIARD.

Witnesses:

' W. R. KEYWORTH,

F. O. MCCLEARY.

